身在臺灣,尤其是臺北,實在是藝文愛好者之福。只要有心有時間,便可能接觸到國內外優質藝術家/團隊的作品。近年,更是有許多參與式的工作坊,提供和觀賞不一樣的實作體驗。
今年的臺北藝術節便規劃了好幾場講座和工作坊。其中,由法籍柬埔寨裔藝術家陸惠方主持的「如何成為臺灣人--文本建構工作坊」在主題和形式上都吸引著我,特別是這段敘述:
19世紀末,陸惠方的曾祖父離開廣東,前往臺灣。在茫茫大海上看著越來越遠的香港港口,他才意識到上錯船了。幾天後,他在西貢下船,重新思考新的計劃。一世紀後,陸惠方在寮國的沙灣拿吉(Savannakhet)出生。獨裁統治迫使她的家族逃亡到法國,她也因此在法國長大、讀書,成為作家、導演。假使陸惠方的曾祖父沒有搞錯船隻,會發生什麼事?他將在臺灣建立怎麼樣的人生呢?他的後代,也就是陸惠方的假想家族,會是怎麼樣?
真實與虛構的交織一直很吸引著我,「如果…會怎樣?」的想像,從童年的體驗式探索,一路延展為成年的戲劇志業。應報名辦法要求書寫有關家庭關係,流亡或遷移的故事,我提供了自己的敘事:
我的父親在兩歲時從中國移居台灣,母親則是來自世居台灣的家庭。他們共生了三個女兒,我排行第二。小時候時常為此產生矛盾情結—有時覺得居於中間的自己特別,有時卻又希望自己像姊妹一樣。很感謝父母提供一個充滿愛的家庭,包容和馴服我們青春期的躁動,又在我們成年之後遭遇挫折時,給予理解和支持。可想而知,我們的家庭關係十分緊密和正面,甚至延伸到了三位女婿和五位孫兒。
我在18歲時離開家鄉,北上唸大學。爾後,先後在台北、考文垂和台南市生活過。台北市是我建立家庭和開展事業的地方。不過,一開始的時候,不管是就婚姻還是工作而言,我都覺得自己格格不入,無法安身立命。後來,我接受了台南市的教職,並且和孩子在那裡生活了五年。以後見之明,這樣的「背井離鄉」是值得的—時間和距離給了我復原力和彈性。兩年前,我辭去工作,帶著新的領會回到台北。然,時不時,對於英國或台南市的懷戀浮上心頭。我知道在那兒的經驗已銘刻在我的感官和記憶中了。
很幸運錄取,遂與十七位善思勤寫的夥伴一同展開了三天回溯經驗記憶與文字創作的旅程。
第一天的工作坊,以書寫物件為始。挑一個隨身物件,自由選取敘事觀點和角度,進行書寫。在時間壓力(1小時)暨語言轉譯的雙重挑戰下,我注視選取的物件,讓自己被靈感帶領,不預想結構、章法,生出了以下文字:
The parasol
“Hey! Pick me!”
While I searched my bag for an object to write about, this parasol waved its pink orange to draw my attention.
It’s not the color that’s usually attached to me.
Too feminine, too eye-catching for a woman who’s shy and low-key by nature and doesn't appreciate the label as girly or lady-like.
Look! It even has lace!
Well, I’m fine with being elegant.
But keeping the posture as a ‘well-behaved’ lady seems too much for me.
Doesn’t being naughty or wild more fun?
Isn’t playing some games and tricks more attractive than following those dull manners?
Wait! Perhaps I’m more identified with a kid, rather than a woman, a wife, or a mother.
Did I say that I got married and gave birth to two kids?
Yes, that happened many years ago.
The marriage assigned me many new social roles, as well as new relationship and relatives.
One of my new identity is a daughter-in-law.
To my father, I can be a wayward child and a filial daughter beyond doubt.
But how could I play the role as daughter-in-law and call another person “father”?
Well, probably some of you have guessed.
Yes, this parasol with a notable brand name was a gift from my father-in-law, who bought it in Japan.
Actually, it’s not usual to give someone else an parasol as a gift in Taiwan, since the pronunciation of parasol “傘” is identified with diaspora “散.”
Then, how should I interpret my father-in-law’s giving?
A blessing or blame?
I took the former.
It becomes vivid that an old man found this pink orange in a polished department store in Japan, he thought of his newly acquired daughter and then made the decision to buy it…
I’m sure that my father-in-law did not know me very well.
Otherwise, this parasol wouldn’t have been put into his shopping basket.
But shouldn’t I appreciate his kindness and generosity?
So, even if it’s not the style of mine, since it bears the good wills of my father-in-law, I take it with me all the time.
And it did protect me from burning sunshine and mild shower.
Do I contradict myself in arguing for a true-to-myself identity?
Well, perhaps ‘identity’ is not a static state, it’s dynamic and keep changing.
I’m human becoming, instead of human being.
第二個練習是超現實主義甚愛的自由書寫。時間限制在15分鐘。發現自己的想法很破碎,根本不成句,只有一些閃逝的關鍵字跳來跳去,腦袋空白時,則又拉回到現實,注意到周邊的人、事、物,於是有了這段猶如思緒追蹤(tracking thoughts)的文字紀錄:
learning, presence, trying, freedom, limit, breathe,
friends, efforts, encounter, inspiration, imagination, boundary,
typing, fingers, words, letters, voices, view, perspectives,
shoes, feet, brown, floor, texture, scarf, speed, time, keyboard, gifted, performance, flow of ideas, mixture,
crossing, flying, emergent, writing, kids, reading, swimming,
development, roots, growing, out of control, out of expectation,
in time, luxury, decent, nature,
relax, family, relationship, connection,
playful, games, fishing, mountain, cloud, air, field,
rice, ripe, summer, hot, bicycles, wind, birds,
fruit, juicy, thirsty, water, cool, shade, trees, bugs, fan,
tour, taking photos, food, gathering, singing, chatting, short stay,
east, traffic jam, exhaustion, train, people, noises,
argue, fight, conflict, confrontation, consolation, hug,
daughter, courage, apology, guilty, taking care,
parents, love, home, family, value, mother,
learner, expectation, writer, hobby, interest, passion, shifting, son,
support, classmate, prose, Facebook, past, memory,
red envelop, blessing, treasure, trash, collector, space, storage,
priority, order, selection, criteria, meaningful, time, connection,
keeper, weighing, simple, basic, necessary, practical, romantic,
sensational, emotional, rational,
personality, complicated
接著,陸惠方介紹坎伯(Joseph Campbell)在《千面英雄》提示的敘事結構,要我們寫一則「鬼故事」當成回家作業。發現自己畢竟不慣於用英文書寫,是夜,以中文寫下了一個非典型的鬼故事,以為近日閱讀河合隼雄之《青春の夢と遊び》的回應:
記不得從什麼時候開始,她成了名符其實的夜貓子。每天放學回來,她扒過晚餐,供養了青春期飢餓的肉體後,在防火巷傳來鄰人看電視聲響中,一上床便立刻沉沉睡去。像是被攫走了聽覺,或者良心,她顧不得母親狂敲房門要她洗餐具,也管不了鼓躁與對話究竟是來自鄰人或是電視劇的角色。極有可能,她的靈魂和感知被擄到了異星,因為,她對那段時間的記憶一片空白。
然而,每到十二點,房間那台她父親從國外買回的愛華床頭音響便自動響起,宛如灰姑娘的鐘聲解除魔法,把她召回到與旁人同步的時空。她記起自己是學生,想到作業還沒寫完,明天還有考試,但絲毫不覺愁苦。
在眾人皆睡的子夜時分,她的眼神和精神格外活潑明朗,似乎擁有某種神秘的魔力,一種不同於白天課堂昏昏欲睡、不同於青春期後便羞於照鏡的狀態,她覺得自己充滿了生命力和創造力,甚至是具有魅力的;被除魅的教科書與試卷四散卻如過期的符咒,化成碧娜.鮑許式的舞台地板,容她恣意穿梭或踩踏。她在鏡前擺弄自己的肢體與表情,源源不絕的靈感化成時而細膩、時而強烈的文字以及色彩奔放的圖畫。她感到新鮮和興奮,覺察到某種源於內裡、生物性的能量,讓自己脫胎換骨,變成一頭獵豹,通體靈敏,五感齊發,說不上是魔性,還是靈性,她覺得自己彷彿擁有了整個世界…
也許某一天,她曾與魔鬼打過交道、簽下合同,但她一點印象都沒有,只覺得黑夜比起白天,和自己更加親近。儘管如此,她對於自己在玄妙的音響召喚下變身為夜行性動物,仍不免心存疑懼。打從童年以來,她聽過無數魔鬼、精靈、外星生物闖入人界、進佔人心的故事,這次是否被選中附體?或者是久未入夢的過世親人,幽微地捎來靈界的訊息?否則,為何每到清晨空氣最冷冽之際,她渾身發熱像是要炸開,而當破曉雞鳴,她便如靈體退駕般地元神耗盡,再次陷入昏睡。她甚至不確定自己後來是怎麼起床而後騎自行車上學的—老師的話語、課堂的種種,破碎如呢喃和閃光,從她的耳邊、眼前飄過,透明不成形…但奇怪的是,她輕鬆應付大小考試,名列前茅,沒有人發現她在夢遊,自然也沒有人知道掛著眼鏡、晚發育、在同學旁邊宛若小猴子的她,在夜裡何其美麗。
關於這些變化,她曾試圖找出一套科學的解釋,但徒勞無功—父親告訴她音響並不具有預約定時啟動的功能,她也確實沒能找到通往異時空的鎖鑰。她嘗試用母親教她的經文祈禱,想化開這無以名狀的魔力,卻換來連續數夜被陌生男人拿刀架在脖子追殺,而後自高空墜落的惡夢,每每在抽搐和顫抖中驚醒,醒來時往往發現身體已經轉了180度,就好像生理時鐘與自我形象都逆反了一般。她發現自己愈費心理解,身體與精神就愈覺疲憊。後來,她索興撒手不管,任靈魂在晚餐後出走,身體在子夜醒來,元神與識神在清晨交班,白日發夢…自始至終,她都獨自保守這秘密,擔心自己一旦說破,便元、識盡散,再也回不到人間。
直到有一天,她站在鏡子前,猛然發現臉頰和小腿肚長肉,平坦的胸部也開始招搖,舉手投足竟有幾分媚色。不管是鬼術還是魔術,昔日小猴都幻化成了尾狐。玄的是,就從這天起,她再不曾聽過半夜十二點音響的召喚,在深夜靈感湧現,獨舞狂歡。不久,她離開了童年,離開了家,不再擁有薩滿溝通兩界的靈力。那臺謎樣的愛華音響,不知何時消失了蹤影,也許在某個角落,到了子夜時分,它又會輕輕響起。